With the increased mobility of human populations, diseases can quickly spread around the world. In addition, changes in vaccination practices have indicated an increase in communicable diseases that were once thought to be under control. These global health issues present new problems for community health officials. In this task, you will analyze a specific, recent outbreak of a global communicable disease that has crossed international borders (i.e. TB outbreak, Haiti to U.S.). Choose one of the following communicable disease outbreaks to address in your task:
• avian influenza
• measles
• respiratory syndrome coronavirus
• meningococcal disease
• tuberculosis
• malaria
Note: If you are a California student, please contact your course mentor.
Requirements:
A. Analyze the selected communicable disease outbreak (suggested length of 2–3 pages) by doing the following:
1. Describe a specific, communicable disease outbreak.
Note: This may include the name of the disease, countries involved, date discovered, and date the disease reached certain countries.
2. Analyze the epidemiological determinants of the outbreak.
a. Discuss the route of transmission of the disease causing the outbreak.
b. Discuss any risk factors involved.
3. Discuss how the outbreak could affect your community at a systems level (i.e., how it will affect the functioning of schools, local government, businesses, hospitals).
4. Explain what the reporting protocol would be if an outbreak were to occur in your community.
5. Develop a plan for how you would report about the outbreak to key stakeholders in your community.
6. Discuss strategies (e.g., patient education strategies, community education strategies) that you would recommend to prevent an outbreak in your community.
B. Include all in-text citations and references in APA format.
In this task, you will analyze a recent global outbreak of a communicable disease. It must be a disease that has crossed international borders. You are asked to choose ONE of the following communicable diseases to address in your task:
• avian influenza
• measles
• respiratory syndrome coronavirus
• meningococcal disease
• tuberculosis
• malaria
You will be asked to describe the epidemiology and transmission of the outbreak. In addition, you will be asked to analyze the effect of the outbreak on your community at the systems level. And finally, you will be expected to discuss what actions would be appropriate for a community health nurse when confronted with an outbreak of pandemic proportions.
To familiarize yourself with concepts of global health, infectious disease prevention and control and your role as a community health nurse in disease reporting and surveillance please review the following:
• Lesson 3: Global Aspects of Population-Based Nursing
• chapter 26 (“Infectious Disease Prevention and Control “)
• chapter 27 (“HIV Infection, Hepatitis, Tuberculosis, and Sexually Transmitted Diseases”)
• chapter 22 (“Rural Health and Migrant Health“)
• the World Health Organization’s 2012 World Health Statistics document on major determinants of health (MDH)
OK, now let’s look at the task requirements more specifically! You can access the Task Instructions HERE To familiarize yourself with concepts of global health, infectious disease prevention and control and your role as a community health nurse in disease reporting and surveillance please review the following:
• Lesson 3: Global Aspects of Population-Based Nursing
(https://lrps.wgu.edu/provision/2470811)
3• chapter 26 https://lrps.wgu.edu/provision/29511392).“Infectious Disease Prevention and Control “)
• chapter 27(https://lrps.wgu.edu/provision/29511392).(“HIV Infection, Hepatitis, Tuberculosis, and Sexually Transmitted Diseases”)
• chapter 22 (https://lrps.wgu.edu/provision/29482107).(“Rural Health and Migrant Health“)
• the World Health Organization’s 2012 World Health Statistics (http://www.who.int/healthinfo/EN_WHS2012_Part3.pdf).document on major determinants of health (MDH).
OK, now let’s look at the task requirements more specifically! You can access the Task Instructions HERE (https://www.dropbox.com/s/cg3d7aberwcy2kb/TS%20instructions.pdf?dl=0)as well as the Task 2 Rubric(https://www.dropbox.com/s/b68g4ctq9wksb3c/Task2rubric.pdf?dl=0). You may also find these documents within TaskStream for VWT1. Watch this Task 2 video! (https://www.dropbox.com/s/b68g4ctq9wksb3c/Task2rubric.pdf?dl=0)
We recommend using subheadings for the sections of this paper. Please see the Purdue OWL websitefor guidance.
Section A.
1. Select ONE of the listed diseases and FIND AN OUTBREAK. These websites – The Centers for Disease Control (http://www.cdc.gov/DiseasesConditions/?s_cid=cdc_homepage_topmenu_001)and World Health Organization(http://www.who.int/research/en/ )- are great resources to help you track down a global outbreak. Describe the specific details of the causative agent, geographical spread, hosts, mode of transmission, incubation and communicability periods, symptoms, mortality rate, morbidity characteristics of those affected, etc. Where appropriate you will provide specific data.
2. Analyze the EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS of the outbreak
What are epidemiological determinants? A determinant is anything that increases disease frequency in a population. Risk Factors and Transmission are both epidemiological determinants. However, you should discuss other determinants relevant for your outbreak here such as infectivity (how easily spread is it?), virulence (how deadly is it?), mode of transmission (Vector? Contact? Aerosol?), climate considerations (i.e. does the vector survive arid or cold temperatures?), antigenic stability (i.e. Influenza) and any other appropriate variable.
a. Discuss the national and international ROUTE OF TRANSMISSION of the disease causing the outbreak. See this WHO Transmission of Communicable Diseases(http://www.who.int/ith/mode_of_travel/tcd_aircraft/en/)on aircraft document. Discuss how the disease was spread geographically. Was air travel to blame? Migration? More local travel? Other? And then explain where it went over time.
b. Discuss any RISK FACTORS involved. Risk factors typically address the condition of the host (patient) and environment. Examples of risk factors would be age, occupation, immune-compromised status, unvaccinated status, lack of prior exposure to the disease, smoking, living in close quarters (i.e. military, prisons, college dormitories), vector exposure, etc.
3. If an outbreak occurred in your community, how would it affect the community at a SYSTEMS LEVEL? Include information on how the outbreak would affect the economy, schools, healthcare facilities, transportation. Predict the effect of an outbreak on the FUNCTIONING of your city/county.
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