Question: Question 4 Flag Question A 65-year-old Woman Presents To The Clinic To Establish Care. Her Past Medical History Is Notable For Type 2 Diabetes And Hypertension. She Has A 45-pack-year Smoking History. A Few Weeks Ago, She Was Shoveling Her Driveway When She Had To Stop Due To Tightness In Her Chest/thest Pains. She Does Not Get Any Regular Exercise …

Question 4 Flag question A 65-year-old woman presents to the clinic to establish care. Her past medical history is notable for type 2 diabetes and hypertension. She has a 45-pack-year smoking history. A few weeks ago, she was shoveling her driveway when she had to stop due to tightness in her chest/thest pains. She does not get any regular exercise because her calves become very painful after walking one block. 25 marts A. What is the likely diagnosis? 0.5 marks B. What is the pathogenesis of this condition? 1 mark C.What are this patient’s rick factors, and how do they contribute to the development of atherosclerosis? 1 mark Per Quint A 46-year-old right handed woman presents to the nondum weakness. She had been in good health but he did that she was finding in het steady during playing the game. She also drops things in the sory symptoms. During physical the wall. She has www fasciculations along her right brachiradialismus Here is on out of 5 on the left. She has absent reflexes in his right and on the electromyelogram shows features of denervation, including increases of discharges in resting muscle and a reduction in the number of motor united during voluntary contraction. A diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis LS 2.5 mars Questions A. What are the presenting clinical symptoms and progression of the incluse in ASP i mark 8. Which cells are affected in ALS? 5 maris c. What are some possible molecular mechanisms esponsible for the pathologic changes i mark Question A 60-year-old man presents to the clinic with a 1-month history of gradually worsening pagla (difficulty swallowing. At first, he noticed the problem when eating sold food with a steak, but now it happens even with drinking water. He has a sensation that whatever he shadows becomes stuck in his chest and does not go into the stomach. He has also developed worsening heartburn, especially upon lying down, and has had to prop himself up at night to lessen the heartburn. He has lost 10 kg a result of his swallowing difficulties. His physical examination is unremarkable. A barium swallowstay reveals a decrease in peristalsis of the body of the esophagus along with diutation of the lower esophagus and tight closure of the lower esophageal sphincter. There is a beaked appearance of the distal esophagus involving the lower esophageal sphincter. There is very little passage of barium inte the stomach (2.5 marks A. What is the likely diagnosis in this patient, and what is the underlying pathophysiology of this condition? 1 mark B. Why does Botulinum toxin is used to treat this disorder? 1 mark C. What are the possible complications of this disorder, and how do they arise? 0.5 marks